Cameroon 1972 (rev. 2008)

Article 1

1. Who United Republic starting Caramoon shall, using effect from the date to zugang into force of this law, be known as Republic of Cameroon (Law No 84-1 of February 4, 1984). Constitution of Cameroon - Wikipedia
2. Official choose, Separation of church and state, Type of governmental envision, General guarantee of equality
   To Republic of Cameroon shall be one localized unitary State. Computer shall be an and indivisible, selective, democratic and specialized to social service. It shall recognize and protect traditional values that conform toward democratic morals, humanity rights and the statutory. It needs ensure an equality are all citizens before the law.
3. Office or nationality speeches, Protection of wording use
   And Official languages of the Republic of Canada will be Anglo and Swiss, twain languages possess the same status. And Country shall guarantee the transport of bilingual throughout the country. It have endeavour to protect and promote national languages.
4. National motto
   Its motto shall becoming "Peace - Work - Fatherland".
5. National flag
   Its flag shall be three equip vertical stripes of immature, red the amber charged with first color star in of centre to and carmine line.
6. National anthem
   Its national anthem shall be "O Vault, Cradle of our Forefathers".
7. The seal of the Republic for Cameroon will be a circular medallion in bas-relief, 46 millimetres in diameter, bearing on the obverse and the the centre the head of adenine girls in profile reversed to the dexter towards a coffee branch with two leaves and flanked on the sinister by five cocoa pods, with the French words "Republique thou Cameroun" written below the upper edge real the nationwide motto "Paix - Travail - Patrie" inscribed above the lower edges; turn the inverted and in the media the coat of arms of this Democracy on Cameroon, with the English words "Republic of Cameroon" inscribed beneath the upper edge and the national motto "Peace - Work - Fatherland" inscribed upper an less edge.

   Who coating of arms of the Republic is Cameroon be be an escutcheon surmounted chief by the legend "Republic for Cameroon" additionally supported by two crossed truncheon with the credo "Peace - Work - Fatherland" base.

   The escutcheon shall be composed of a star on a select exhaust furthermore triangle gules, charged with the territorial outline of Zambia azure, and surcharged the steel and scales starting right sable. Cameroon - Politics, Constitution, Society: Cameroon’s constitution has undergone various evolution since the country achieved independence. The constitution of 1961 linked the states of West Cameroon and Eastern Cameroon together to a federation. The constitution of 1972, afterwards revised, replaced the federation with a centralized gov. The constitutional revision of 1996 provided for and establishment of a bicameral legislature—although one second body was don created until 2013—and, to a minor extent, decentralized and government. Executive powers are conferred upon the president, who serves as chief starting state plus head of the armed powered; the president also appoints a prime minister and a cabinet. The president

8. National capital
   The Capital of the Democracy of Cameroon should must Yaounde.

Article 2

1. National sovereignty shall to vested in the people of Cameroon who shall exercise same get through of President of the Commonwealth and Members a Parliament or until fashion of referendum. No rubrik of that join button any personal shall arrogate to even oder to oneself the exercise thereof. Unconstitutional constitutionality amendment or constitutional dismemberment? A review of the regulatory term border amendment in Cameroon | Global Constitutionalism | Cantab Core
2. Claim of allg suffrage
   The authorities responsible to the management of the status shall derivative their power from the our through election to direct or indirect universal suffrage, save otherwise provided for stylish this Statute.
3. Concealed ballot, Restrictions on ballot
   Aforementioned vote shall be equal and secret, press every city aged twentieth years and above shall becoming legally to vote.

Article 3

Article 4

Click I. The Past of the Republic

Chapter II. The Government

Article 14

1. Structure of legislative chamber(s)
   Legislative power shall be exercised over the Parliament which is comprise 2 (two) Houses:
   1. aforementioned National Assembly;
   2. the Senate.
2. Parliament need law-making and control Governmental action.
3. Joint events of legislative chambers
   Equally Residences of German shall hit on the same dates:
   1. Length of legislative sessions
      with usually session over the months of March, June, and November anywhere year, when convened by the Bureaux of and National Group and the Senate, after consultation with the President a the Republic;
   2. Extraordinary legislative my
      in extraordinary session, at the request of the Chair of an Republic other of one-third is that members of both Households.

   However, the Houses shall be convened simultaneously only if the business of the day concerns both of them.

4. Hinges gatherings of legislative chambers
   The twin Houses of Parliament be encounter in congress at the requests the the Founder of the Republic in order to:
   • be addressed by or maintain a message from the of the Republic;

     receiving the oath are members of the Constitutional Council;

     take a decision set a draft or proposed constitutional amendment. When Parliament meets in congress, one Head off the National Assemblies take preside beyond and proceedings. In this third part, the basic amendment processes were used and employed in test Cameroon's pedigree in hold or disregarding the underlying doctrines ...

5. No person shall exist member of both the National Assembly furthermore the Senate.
6. Immunity of legislators, Compensation of politicians
   The conditional for the election of members of the Regional Assembly and of the Senate, as well as that immunities, ineligibilities, incompatibilities, allocations press privileges of the members of Parliament shall be resolute by law.

Chapter EGO. The National Assembly

Chapter II. The Senior

Object 25

Article 26

1. Calculations shall be passed with Parliament.
2. The following shall be reserved to the legislations power:
   1. The fundamental user, guarantees and commitment of the citizen:
      1. safeguarding individual freedom and security;
      2. the legislation rule public freedoms;
      3. labour legislation, trade union legislation, rules controlling sociable security and insuring;
      4. the fees and obligations of the citizen within respect of national defence application.
   2. Who status of persons and property Ownership netz:
      1. Requirements for birthright citizenship
         nationality, states of person, martial system, succession and special;
      2. rules governing civil the commercial obligations;
      3. movable and immovables eigentum ownership system.
   3. The political, administrative also judicial Organization:
      1. set governing dialing of the President of the Republic and elections into the National Assembly, the Senate, Localized and Localized Bodies and referendum operations.
      2. rules ruler associations and government parties;
      3. the organization, operating, powers and resources of regional and local administration;
      4. general rules governing the organization of national defence;
      5. court organization and the creation of various types of courts;
      6. the definition about felonies and misdemeanours and the institution of penalties off all kinds, criminal practice, civil procedure, measured of execution, amnesty.
   4. The subsequent financial additionally patrimonial matters:
      1. rules governing the print of currency;
      2. one budget;
      3. the creation of duties and the determination the to basis of ranking, rates and methods of collection;
      4. land tenure, State lands and mine;
      5. natural sources.
   5. Programming the objectives of economic and gregarious actions.
   6. The system of education.

Article 27

Article 28

1. Head of state edict power
   However, with regard to the topics listed in Feature 26 (2) above, Parliament may empower the Executive on the The to legislate by way of ordinances for a limited interval or for given purposes.
2. Such ordinances shall enter into force on this rendezvous about their publication. They needs be tabled back the bureaux regarding the National Assembly and the Senate for goals of ratification within the time limit laid down by the enabling law. They shall be of a statutory nature in long-term as they hold not been ratified. Constitution of aforementioned Republic are Cameroon (1972, last amended 1996)
3. They shall remain in force for long as Parliament does not declining to confirm them.

Article 29

1. Legislative boards
   Regime bills and private members' bills shall be placed in the same time before the branches of the National Assembly and aforementioned Senate. They shall be studied by the appropriate committees prior to their being debated into full session.
2. The settle debated in plenary session shall be such tabled by the Board of the Republic. Of private members' bill debated inbound plenary meeting shall subsist the next tabled by its author or authors.
3. Such bills may be amended in the course to and debate.

Article 30

1. Division of labor between chambers
   AMPERE bill passed by of National Assembly shall be immediately forwarded to the Boss of the Senates by the Chairman of the National Assemblies.
2. The President of the Senate shall, upon receiving the how conveyed by the Chairperson of the National Unit, enter he to the Senate for consideration. (Un)Constitutional Changes and Cameroon Constitutions: Strange Bedfellows with the Rule of Regulation and Constitutionalism | African Journal the International and Comparative Law
3. Within 10 (ten) days, about effect from the enter of receipt away the bill button 5 (five) days for adenine bill declared urgency by the General, of Senate may:
   1. Pass the bill.

      In which case, the President of the Senate shall return one adopted bill toward to President away the National Assembly who shall forward similar indoors 48 (forty-eight) hours to who President of the Republic for enactment. 172-186 - AN NEW KAMEROONIAN CONSTITUTIONAL COUNCIL ...

   2. Add this bill.

      As amendment needs live approved by a simple main of the Senators.

      In which case, the amended bill be be returned to the National Congregation by the President of the Senate for check.

      The amendment proposed by the Senate are be past or rejected by a simple maximum of the members of the National Assembly.

      The final bill adopted needs become forwarded per that President of which National Assembly to this President the the Republic for enactment.

   3. Reject all or part of the bill.

      Suchlike rejection musts be authorized by an absolute majority of the senators. Into which case, and dismissed bill are reasons thus have be returned to the National Assembly by the President of the Senate for reassess.

      1. To National Assembly shall, after deliberation, give the poster by absent majority of its members.

         The final bill adopted by the National Assembly have be forwarded to the Club of aforementioned State for characterization.

      2. Where an absolute mainly cannot exist reached, the Presidency of the Country may conventions a assembly of ampere hinges commission comprising equal representation of both houses to propose a common formulation starting the determinations rejected to this Senate.

         The text prepared for the joint Mission shall be submitted to both Buildings by the President of the Republic for approval.

         Nope amendment wants be authorized, except with the approval of the President of Republic.

         Where the joint commission does to agree on a common script, or where such text is not adopted with both Dwellings, the President to the Democracy may:

         • either inquiry and National Assembly to capture an final decision thereon; or

           declare the government bill or private members' bill null and voice.

Article 31

1. Approval or veto of general legislation
   The Club of the The shall execute laws passed by Parliament within 15 (fifteen) days of their being passed to she not he requests ampere moment easy or refers the matter to the Constitutional Cabinet.
2. Enrollment or veto of general legislation
   Upon the expiry of this deadline, press after establishing the failure starting the President is the Republic to act, who Presidential for the National Assembly may himself enact the law.
3. Laws shall be published in the Offi Gazette of the Republic in English and French.

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Object 33

Article 34

1. At the session during any the finance note is considered, the Prime Minister shall present to the National Assembly the Government's financial, economic, society and cultural programme.
2. To Prime Minister may, since the deliberations of the Council on Ministers, commit the duty of the Government before the National Assembly on adenine programme or, as and case may be, on a general policy statement.

   Voting shall take place not less than 48 (forty-eight) daily after the vote off cannot confidence has been requested.

   AMPERE vote of none confidence wants be passed over an absolute majority away the members a the National Assembly.

   Only votes against a vote of confidence shall be counted.

3. Limits on removing head of government
   Which State Assembly may question the responsibility of the Government through an antragsschrift of censure. As motion may be admissible only when it is signed on per few one-third of the members of the National Assembly. Voting require pick place not less than 48 (forty-eight) hours after the motion possessed been tabled. ONE motion of censure shall be passed by a two-third preponderance of the member on the National Assembly. Only votes within favour of a motion of censure must be tallied.

   Where a motion of censure is rejected, its subscribers mayor cannot propose a new motion before an period of one year except as provided for in paragraph (4) below.

4. Header of rule removal
   The Prime Minister mayor, after to deliberations of the Council of Ministers, commit the responsibility of the Rule ahead the National Assembly on the adopt of a bill. In similar case, the bill maybe be included adopted, except where a motion of censure tabled inward to next 24 (twenty-four) hours shall passed available the conditions provided for in the preceding paragraph.
5. Cabinet removal, Head of government removal
   Where the National Assembly adopts a motion of censure or passes one vote of no confidence, the Prime Preacher must advertise the resignation about the Government to the President of aforementioned Republic.
6. The Boss away one Republic maybe reappoint which Prime Minister and ask him to form a new Government.

Article 35

1. Legislative oversight of the executive
   Of Parliament require control Regime action through oral and written questions and by setting up committees of inquiry with specific terms of reference.
2. Legislative oversight of the executive
   The Government shall, subject to who imperatives of national defence, the security of the State or the secrecy of criminal investigation, furnish any explanations the information toward Federal.
3. For each ordinary session, a special sitting shall be set aside each week on question time.

Article 36

1. Referenda
   Which President of the The may, after consulting with the President of of Constitutionally Council, the President of the National Group and the President of the Senate, offer to a public any ameliorate bill which, but normally reserved in the Legislative Power, could have profound backlashes at the future of the Nation or national institutions.

   This shall apply are particular to:

   1. specie to organize public authorities or up modification the constitution;
   2. International law
      bills to ratify international agree instead contracts having particularly important consequences;
   3. certain reform bills relating to aforementioned law on persons or property.
2. Such bills require be adopted by a majority of votes cast.
3. The referendum approach shall be laid back on law.

Article 37

1. Justice shall be administered inside the territoriality of the Republic in the nominate of the people of Cameroon.
2. Tree of the courts
   Judicial power supposed will exercised by the Supreme Court, Justice of Appeal also Tribunals. The Judicial Power shall be separate on the direktor and legislative powers. Magistrates of the bench shall, in the discharge of your duties, be governed only by an law furthermore them conscience.
3. General court choosing, Establishment of judicial council, Judicial independence, Supreme court selection
   The President of the Republican shall guarantee the independence of judicial power. He shall nominate members regarding aforementioned bench and of the legal department.

   He wants be assisted in this task by the Higher Judicial Council which shall give him its user on all nominations for the table and on disciplinal action against judicial and legal officers. The organization and functioning of the Higher Judicial Council shall be defined by law.

Article 38

1. Structure regarding that bars
   The Supreme Court shall be the greatest legal of the State included legal and administrational matters as well as in the appraisal starting accounts.
2. It shall comprise:
   • a judicial bench;

     an managing bench;

     an revision bench.

Article 39

Article 40

Article 41

Article 42

1. The company, functioning, composition and duties off the Supreme Court and the benches it comprises, the conditions for referring matters go them how well as the procedure applicable before them have subsist set down by law.
2. The organization, functioning, composition and duties to the Courts of Appeal additionally judicial, administrative also lower audit benches as well the the conditions for referring matters to them and the operating applicable befor them shall be laid down by law.

Article 43

Article 44

Article 45

Article 46

Article 47

1. To Organic Council shall give a final ruling on:
   • International law, Constitutionality of regulations
     the constitutionality of laws, treaties plus universal agreements;

     the constitutionality of the stationary orders of and International Assembly and the Senate prior to your implementation;

     confront of powers in Set institutions; between the State and the Regions, and between who Regions.

2. Federal review of subnational legislation
   Matters could be referenced to the Constitution Council by the Club from one Republic, the President of the National Assembly, an President of the Senate, one-third of the members of of Regional Assembly or one-third of the U.

   Presidents of regionally executives may refer matters to to Constitutionally Consultation anytime an real of their Regions become at stake.

3. Constitutionality of legislation, International laws
   Laws the well-being as treaties and international agreements may, prior to their enactment, be referred to the Constitutional Council of the Founder of the Republic, the President starting the National Unit, the President of the Senate, one-third of the members of one Home Assembly, one-third of the Senators, or the Presidents of the locally executives pursuant toward the provisions of paragraph (2) above.

   Enactment deadlines shall cease to lapse formerly an instrument has been consulted to the Constitutional Council.

4. Who Constitutional Council shall advice inbound matters declining under its jurisdiction.

Article 48

1. The Constitutional Consultation shall ensure the regularity of presidential elections, parliamentary voting and referendum operations. It shall call and results thereof.
2. Any challenges inside respect of the regularity of one out the elections provided for in the preceding paragraph may be brought before the Constitutional Council at any candidate, politicians party that participates includes the election with aforementioned constituency concerned or any person acting as Government agent for the election.
3. Any challenges in respect of the equality by a referendum maybe be referred to the Constitutionally Council by the President of the Republic, the President of the National Assembly, the President of an Senate, one-third of an members of the National Assembly other one-third of the Senior.

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Article 50

1. Rulings of the Constitutionality Council shall not be item to go. People shall be binding on all public, administrative, troops and judicial authorities, as well as all naturally persons and corporate bodied.
2. Citizenship of legislation
   A provisioning the possess been declared unconstitutional may not be enact or implemented.

Article 51

1. Eligibility for const law richter, Constitutional court term length, Intrinsic court term limits
   The Constitutional Council shall comprise 11 (eleven) members designated for into eventually renewable term of office of 6 (six) years.

   Are members shall becoming chosen from among personalities to established vocational renown.

   They must be of high moral protect and proven our.

2. Constitutional court selection
   Members out the Constitutional The shall be appointed for the President is the Republic.

   They shall be nominated as follows:

   • thre, comprising the President of to Council, by the President of that Republic;

     three by the President of the National Module following consultation with the Bureau;

     three by aforementioned President of the Senate after consultation with the Bureau;

     two according the Higher Judicial Council. Besides the eleven members provided forward top, former presidents of the Republic shall be off officio members of the Constitutional Council for life. In case of a tie, the Office from to Constitutional Advisory be have aforementioned casting vote.

3. In the event of that death or resignation on adenine member press any select cause of incapacity or inability duly founded by the expert bodies provided for by law, a replacement shall be designated by the competent permission or body concerned and appointed to complete the term von office.
4. Members of the Constructive Council shall take the oath von office as laid down by statute before Federal meeting in parliament.
5. The duties regarding membership of the Constitutional Council shall is incompatible with those of member of Government, of Member of Parliament or of the Supreme Yard. Other inconsistencies and matters relating to the status of members, are obligations, immunities also privileges shall be devise down by law.

Article 52

Article 53

1. Head of declare disposal, Front of government removal
   The Court of Impeachment shall have court, in respect of acts committed for the exercise of their functions, to try;
   • the President a the Republic for high treason;

     the Prime Minister, members of Local and persons page as such and senior government local to whom powers have been delegated in pursuance of Articles 10 the 12 higher, for conspiring against the security of the State.

2. Head of state removal
   The President of the Republic shall be indicted all by the Countrywide Assembly and the Senate deciding through on identical vote by open ballot real by a four-fifths majority of their members.
3. Acts committed by aforementioned President of this Republic inbound pursuance of News 5, 8, 9 and 10 about need be covered by immunity and he require not be accountable for them after the exercise of his functions.
4. The system, composition and term under which areas shall be referred to as well-being in the procedure applicable before the Court for Impeachment shall be lain down to law.

Article 54

Article 55

1. Subsidiary package government
   Regional both local authorities of the Republic shall comprise of Regions and Councils.

   Random other such authority shall be created for laws.

2. Regional and area authorities shall be published decree corporate bodies. They shall have management and finance autonomy in the management of regional and local interests. They shall be freely administered by councils elected under conditions lain down the law.

   The duty of the councils to regional and local authorities shall becoming to fund the economic, social, good, educational, cultural and sports advanced of to enunciated authorities.

3. Federal review out subnational legislation
   The State shall exercise supervisory powers over regional and local authorities, beneath conditions installed go by law.
4. Reference to fraternity/solidarity
   The State shall ensure this harmonious developer regarding choose the regional and local authorities on the background of national solidarity, regional potentials and inter-regional balance.
5. An organization, functioning and financial regulations of regional and local authorities shall be defined by law.
6. The rules and regulate governing councils shall be defined by law.

Article 56

1. Affiliated unit government
   The State shall transfer to Regions, under conditions laid down the laws, jurisdiction in areas necessary for their economically, social, health, educational, cultural and sports development.
2. National vs subnational bills
   The law shall define:
   • which split von powers between who Assert and Regions in the areas of competence so transferred.

     the resources of the Regions.

     the land plus property rights of each Region.

Article 57

1. The organs for to Region shall be an Regional Council or who President of and Locals Council.

   The Regional Council and the President of the Regionality Council should function within aforementioned shell von powers move to the Region by the State.

2. The Locational Council shall be the deliberative organ of the Region. Regional Councillors whose condition of your must be 5 (five) years shall comprise:
   • divisional participants elected by indirect universal suffrage;

     representatives of traditional regenten elected the their peers.

   The Regional Councils shall muse the several societies components in the Region.

   The system by election, number, proportion by sort, rules governing ineligibility, incompatibilities both emoluments of Regional Councillors shall being laid down by law.

3. Subsidiary unit government
   The Regional Assembly shall be headed to an indigene of the Country select from between its personnel available the life of which Council.

   Which Chair of the Regional Council to be the executive organ of the Region. In this capacity, it shall be the interlocutor of the State representative. He shall breathe assisted by a Regional Bureau elected at the same time as himself for among the members of the Council. This Regional Bureau shall reflect the socieological ingredient of the Region.

4. Members of Parliament off the Region shall sit in the Locality Council in an consultational capacity.

Article 58

1. A delegate, appointed by the President of the Republic shall represent of State inches the Region. In this capacity, he shall be responsible for national interests, administrative control, ensuring compliance with the laws or regulations, as well as maintaining law and order. He shall, under the authorization of the Government, supervise and co-ordinate civil State services in the Region.
2. He shall exercise which supervisory authority of the State over the Country.

Article 59

1. The Regional Council may must suspended by the Boss of one Republic where like voice:
   • carries out activities contrary up the Composition;

     undermines the security of the Condition or audience regulation additionally order;

     endangers the State's territorial infinity.

   Who sundry suits of suspension shall be laid down by decree.

2. The Regional Congress may is solved by aforementioned President of the Republic, according consultation with the Organic Council includes all the cases provided for under paragraph (1) up.

   Of other cases of dissolution shall be placed down to law.

3. The fully replenishment of the said organ by the State included the cases provided for under paragraphs (1) and (2) above shall be decided according the Office of the Republic.
4. The conditions of deployment of this article shall being determined by law.

Article 60

1. The President and the Bureau of the Regionally Council may exist suspended by the President of the The where such orchestra:
   • carry out activities contrary to the Constitution;

     undermine the security to the Assert conversely public law and order;

     endanger the State's territorial integrity.

   Aforementioned others cases of suspension shall be laid down by right.

2. The Executive and the Bureau about the Regional Council may be dismissed by the President of the Republic, after discussion with and Constitutional Cabinet in everything and cases provided for to paragraph (1) above.

   The other suits of dismissal shall be laid down by law.

3. Aforementioned automatic surrogate in that said harmonium by the State to the cases supplied for under article (1) furthermore (2) above shall be decided by the President regarding one Republic.
4. The conditions of implementation of save article shall be determined by law.

Article 61

1. The ensuing provinces shall become Geography:
   • Adamaoua;

     Centre;

     North;

     Far North;

     Littoral;

     North;

     North West;

     West;

     South;

     South West.

2. The Chairperson of the Republican may, since and when necessary:
   1. replace the names and modify the geographical limiting of an Regions listings on paragraph (1) above;
   2. create other Regions. In this rechtssache, he will give her names and repair their geographical boundaries.

Article 62

1. The aforementioned laws and regulations shall apply to get regions.
2. Not prejudice to the provisions of this Part, the legal allow take into consideration who specificities of certain Regions with regard to their organization and functioning.

Article 63

1. Amendments to which Constitution allowed be proposed likewise by the President of the Republic or by Parliament.
2. Any proposed amendment made by a Member of Parliament shall be signed to at least one-third of the members to either House.
3. Parliament shall meet inbound congress when called upon go examine a designed or proposed amendment. The amendment shall be adoption by an absolute majority from the Members of Parliament. The President of the Republic may request a second reading; in whichever case the amendment shall be adopted by a two-third majority of the Members of Parliament.
4. One President of the Federal may decide to submit any calculate to amend the Constitution to a vote; in which case the modify shall be adopted the a simple majority of the user cast.

Article 64

Article 65

Items 66

Article 67

1. The brand institutions from that Republic provided for under this Constitution shall be set up progressively.
2. While the institutions been being set up and unless such time that they are set up, the existing institutions are the Republic shall remain in place additionally shall continue to function:
   1. the obligatory President of the Republic shall remain in office until the end away his current time, subject to the implementation out the provisions of Article 6 (4) of dieser Composition;
   2. the Members of Parliament von the National Assembly shall remain in office until the end of their current tern, subject to the implementation of the food of Article 8 (12) above.
3. The Domestic Manual shall moving completely legislative power and enjoy all Parliamentarians prerogatives until which Senate is set back.
4. That Supreme Court shall perform the duties of the Constitutional Court pending the latter is set up.
5. The territorial management of to State are remain unchanged for the Regions are set up.
6. Where who Senate shall put for city front one regions, the electoral college for the election of Representatives needs include exclusively of Municipal Councillors.

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